Seiko Instruments Computer Monitor G1216B1N000 User Guide

AN.No.G1216B1N000-3D0E  
LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY MODULE  
G 1 2 1 6 B 1 N 0 0 0  
USER’S MANUAL  
Seiko Instruments Inc.  
 
AN.No.G1216B1N000-3D0E  
CONTENTS  
1.  
GENERAL  
2.  
CIRCUIT CONFIGURATION  
3.  
OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS  
- ii -  
 
AN.No.G1216B1N000-3D0E  
1. GENERAL  
1.1 General  
The G1216 is a very thin LCD module on which a full-dot matrix LCD panel and a CMOS IC driver are  
integrated. The LCD panel used here features wide viewing angle and high contrast. This full dot  
configuration allows a wide variety of patterns to be displayed depending upon the input data. The  
display position is the intersection point of the matrix transparent electrodes. This prevents display  
distortion and displacement. Incorporating a display RAM and a display timing signal generator into  
the G1216 allows for direct connection with the MPU circuit without using an LCD controller.  
1.2 Features  
128 64 full dot matrix configuration  
1/64 duty, 1/9 bias  
Two 4096-bit internal display data RAMs  
An internal display timing signal generator  
8-bit parallel interface  
Instructions:  
Display Data Read/Write, Display ON/OFF, Display Start Line, X-Address (Page) Set, Y- Address  
Set, and Status Read.  
Three types of power supply: VDD=+5 V, VLC , LEDA (LED anode)  
Transflective, gray mode  
Positive display  
Display data “H”: Display ON: blue display color  
Display data “L”: Display OFF: gray background  
A wide operating temperature range  
A built-in LED backlight (color: yellow-green)  
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AN.No.G1216B1N000-3D0E  
1.3 Absolute Maximum Ratings (excluding LED backlight)  
Vss = 0 V  
Item  
Symbol  
VDD  
Conditions  
Min.  
0.3  
Max.  
7.0  
Unit  
V
Power supply  
Ta = 25 C  
-
voltage  
VLC  
VIN  
50 10%RH  
VDD -19.0  
-0.3  
VDD + 0.3  
VDD+ 0.3  
V
V
Input voltage  
Operating  
Topr  
Tstg  
65%RH  
-20  
-30  
+70  
+80  
C
C
temperature  
Storage  
temperature  
Storage  
humidity  
48 hrs  
1000 hrs  
+20  
+20  
+85  
+65  
%RH  
%RH  
1.4 Mechanical Characteristics  
Item  
Standard  
Dot configuration  
128 64 dot  
Module dimensions ( H  
Viewing area ( H V )  
V
T )  
[ mm ] 75.0 52.7 8.9  
[ mm ] 60.0 32.5  
[ mm ] 55.01 27.49  
[ mm ] 0.4 0.4  
Active display area ( H V )  
Dot dimensions ( H V )  
Dot pitch ( H V )  
Weight  
[ mm ] 0.43 0.43  
[ g ] 45 max.  
H : Horizontal  
V : Vertical  
T : Thickness (max.)  
1.5 Electrical Characteristics (excluding LED backlight)  
VDD = 5 V 5%, VSS = 0 V, Ta = -20 C to +70 C  
Item  
Symbol  
Conditions  
Min.  
0.7V  
Typ.  
Max.  
Unit  
Input  
voltage1  
High  
Low  
High  
Low  
High  
Low  
VIHC  
VILC  
VIHT  
VILT  
VOH  
VOL  
VDD  
VLC  
IDD  
VDD  
0.3VDD  
VDD  
V
V
DD  
0
Input  
voltage2  
2.0  
0
V
0.8  
V
IOH =- 205 A  
IOL = 1.6 mA  
2.4  
V
Output  
voltage3  
0.4  
5.25  
-3.0  
3.0  
V
4.75  
5.00  
-8.0  
2.0  
V
Power supply voltage  
-12.0  
V
VDD=5 V, Ta = 25 C  
VLC = 8.0  
mA  
mA  
HZ  
Current  
consumption4  
ILC  
1.8  
3.0  
fFRM  
71.4  
Frame frequency  
1
Applied to RST.  
2
3
4
Applied to DB0 to DB7, E, R/W, D/I, CS1 and CS2.  
Applied to DB0 to DB7.  
Display patterns: checkered patterns.  
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AN.No.G1216B1N000-3D0E  
1.6 Optical Characteristics  
1/64 duty, 1/9 bias, fFRM = 71.4 Hz, Vopr = VDD -VLC , LED backlight: OFF  
Item  
Sym.  
Conditions  
Temp.  
Min.  
Typ.  
Max.  
Unit  
Remark  
q1  
q2  
¾
15  
30  
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
-15  
¾
C ³ 2.0  
Æ = 0°  
25°C  
Vopr=13.0 V  
q2-q1  
q1  
¾
Viewing angle  
Degree Refer to notes  
1 and 2  
-20  
¾
C ³ 2.0  
Æ = 270°  
Vopr=13.0 V  
q2  
25°C  
50  
70  
q2-q1  
¾
q = 0°  
Æ = 0°  
Contrast  
C
25°C  
25°C  
-20°C  
2.5  
3.5  
¾
¾
Note 3  
Note 4  
Vopr=13.0 V  
q = 0°  
ton  
toff  
ton  
toff  
¾
¾
¾
¾
40  
100  
630  
2300  
100  
200  
Æ = 0°  
Vopr=13.0 V  
Response time  
ms  
q = 0°  
1000  
3500  
Æ = 0°  
Vopr=14.0 V  
Measuring instrument : Canon illuminometer LC-3S  
Note 1: Definition of angle q and Æ  
Note 2: Definition of viewing angles q 1  
and q 2  
Light  
(reflective LCD)  
Z (q=0°)  
Cmax.  
Sensor  
Contrast C  
q2  
q
q1  
Y’(Æ=180°)  
2.0  
LCD panel  
X’  
X (Æ=90°)  
q1  
Viewing angle  
q2  
Æ
Z’  
Remark: The optimum viewing angle by visual  
inspection and angle q at Cmax do  
not always match.  
Y (Æ=0°)  
(q=90°)  
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AN.No.G1216B1N000-3D0E  
Note 4: Definition of response time  
Note 3: Definition of contrast (C)  
Vopr  
(V)  
Brightness of non-selected dot (reflection) B2  
C =  
Brightness of selected dot (reflection)  
B1  
Brightness for selected  
dot  
1/fFRM  
B2  
(%)  
Non-selected  
status  
Non-selected status  
(display OFF)  
Selected status  
(display ON)  
Brightness  
curve for non-  
selected dot  
Light  
10%  
Brightness  
(reflection)  
90%  
100%  
Brightness  
Dark  
B1  
ton  
toff  
0
Operating  
voltage(V)  
Vopr : Operating voltage  
fFRM : Frame frequency  
ton : Response time (rise)  
tof : Response time (fall)  
Note: Measurement must be made using a transmissive LCD panel.  
1.7 LC panel life time  
Item  
Conditions  
Standard  
Unit  
hrs  
25 C 10 C  
° ±  
°
Life time1  
100,000 or more  
<65%RH  
1
Definition of life time: the time up to occurrence of any of the following:  
Contrast reduces to 30% of the initial value.  
Current consumption becomes three times the initial value.  
Orientation deteriorates significantly.  
ž
ž
ž
ž
The display malfunctions.  
1.8 LED backlight characteristics  
(1) Absolute maximum ratings  
Item  
Symbol  
Standard  
Unit  
DC forward current  
DC reverse voltage  
Allowable dissipation  
Operating temp. range  
Storage temp. range  
IF  
200*  
8
mA  
V
VR  
PD  
860  
mW  
°C  
Topr  
Tstg  
-20 to +70  
-30 to +80  
°C  
*
Forward current reduction characteristics: The absolute maximum rating of the forward current  
varies depending on ambient temperature.  
200  
IF ( mA )  
50  
-20  
25  
70  
Ta(°C)  
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AN.No.G1216B1N000-3D0E  
(2) Electrical and optical characteristics  
Ta = 25 C  
°
Item  
Meas. condition  
Min.  
3.8  
¾
Typ.  
4.1  
¾
Max.  
Unit  
Symbol  
VF  
Forward voltage  
Reverse current  
IF=90 mA  
VR=8 V  
4.4  
0.9  
V
IR  
mA  
(3) LED backlight connection diagram  
LEDA  
Number of LED  
chips=20  
LEDC  
(4) Brightness (panel upper side)  
Item  
Symbol  
Min.  
1.0  
Typ.  
2.0  
Max.  
Unit  
nit  
Surface brightness  
BP  
¾
(Center of LCD panel)  
Measurement conditions and a measuring instrument are:  
Ta=25°C±3°C  
30 to 85%RH  
ž
ž
ž
ž
ž
ž
ž
ž
IF= 90 mA  
fFRM=71.4 Hz  
VLC: Optimum LC drive voltage  
Display OFF (Entire display data=“L”)  
Measured 30 minutes after LED lights  
Measuring instrument: BM - 7 (TOPCON)  
(5) Life time  
Item  
Measurement conditions  
Standard  
Unit  
hrs  
Ta=25 C 10 C  
° ±  
°
Life time1  
50,000 or more  
IF=90 mA  
1 Definition of life time: The time until the brightness decreases to one half the initial  
brightness.  
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AN.No.G1216B1N000-3D0E  
1.9 Dimensions  
Unit: mm  
General dimensional tolerance:±0.5  
Figure 1 Dimensions  
No. Sym.  
I/O terminal functions  
No. Sym.  
Functions  
Functions  
1
2
VDD  
VSS  
Power supply voltage: +5.0 V  
GND: 0 V  
11  
12  
13  
14  
15  
16  
17  
18  
19  
DB7  
CS1  
CS2  
RST  
R/W  
D/I  
Data bus (MSB)  
Chip select (1)  
Chip select (2)  
Reset  
3
VLC  
LC drive voltage  
Data bus (LSB)  
Data bus  
4
DB0  
DB1  
DB2  
DB3  
DB4  
DB5  
DB6  
5
Read/Write  
Data/Instruction  
Enable  
6
Data bus  
7
Data bus  
E
8
Data bus  
FGND Frame ground1  
9
Data bus  
LEDA LED anode  
10  
Data bus  
20 LEDC LED cathode  
1
FGND is connected to the metallic frame of the module. Use this frame when grounding.  
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AN.No.G1216B1N000-3D0E  
2. CIRCUIT CONFIGURATION  
2.1 Block Diagram  
This product consists of two HD61202 segment drivers, an HD61203 common driver and a bias  
voltage generator. Figure 2 shows the block diagram.  
DB0 to DB7  
RST, R/W, D / I, E  
CS2  
CS1  
VLC  
Va, Vc, Vd, Vf  
Bias Voltage  
Generator  
Va  
Vb  
Ve  
Vf  
VDD  
FRM  
Segment Driver 1  
Segment Driver 2  
VSS  
M
CL2  
1
64  
64  
2
Common Driver  
64  
128 64 full dot matrix LCD  
LEDA  
LEDC  
LED Backlight  
Figure 2 Block Diagram  
2.2 Segment Drivers (HD61202)  
The segment driver is a 64 drive output CMOS IC. The G1216 is driven with the panel divided into  
two right and left displays. A segment driver controls the divided screen. 8 bits of data transmitted  
from the MPU are saved in the internal display RAM, and the segment signal is generated to drive the  
LC. 1 bit of display RAM data corresponds to 1 dot lighting or non-lighting on the LC panel.  
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AN.No.G1216B1N000-3D0E  
2.2.1  
RST  
Block Diagram (Segment Driver)  
CS  
DB0 to DB7  
R/W  
D/I  
E
VDD  
VSS  
VLC  
8
Segment Driver  
Interface Control  
Input and Output Buffer  
8
Busy Flag  
8
Output  
Input  
Instruction Register  
Register  
Register  
9
6
8
Display Start Line  
Register  
X, Y-Address  
Counter  
Display ON/OFF  
8
9
6
Z-Address  
Counter  
Display Data RAM  
4096 bit  
6
64  
Display Data Latch  
64  
4
LC Driver  
Va  
Vc  
Vd  
Vf  
M
1
2
CL  
FRM  
Y1 Y2  
Y64  
Figure 3 Segment Driver  
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AN.No.G1216B1N000-3D0E  
2.2.2 Functions and Operations of Main Blocks  
(1) Interface Control Unit  
The interface control unit consists of the following blocks:  
Input and output buffer  
Input and output register  
Instruction register  
The above blocks are selected according to the following combinations of R/W and D/I signals:  
D / I  
1
R / W  
1
Functions  
Output Register Read  
Internal Operation (Display Data RAM  
Output Register)  
1
0
Input Register Write  
Internal Operation (Input Resister  
Display Data RAM)  
0
0
1
0
Busy Check and Status Read  
Instruction  
Input and output buffer  
The data is transmitted through eight data buses (DB0 to DB7).  
DB7 ....... MSB (most significant bit)  
DB0 ...... LSB (least significant bit)  
The data can be input and output only when the Chip Select is selected. Therefore, if the Chip Select  
is not selected, the internal condition remains unchanged and instruction will not be executed, even  
when changing the signal of the input terminals excluding the RST (reset) terminal.  
Note that the RST operates regardless of CS1 and CS2.  
Input and output register  
This product is provided with an input register and an output register so that the product can interface  
with MPUs having speed differing from the internal operation.  
Input register  
The input register is a register that is used for temporarily storing the data to be written in the display  
data RAM. The data to be written from the MPU to the input register will be automatically written in  
the display data RAM through internal operation.  
When the Chip Select is selected and R / W = 0, D / I =0, the data is written in the register,  
synchronized with the fall of signal E.  
Output register  
The output register is a register that is used for temporarily storing the data to be read from the  
display data RAM.  
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AN.No.G1216B1N000-3D0E  
In order to read the content of the output register, the Chip Select must be selected, D/I must be 1,  
and R/W must be 1. When executing the “Read” instruction, the contents of the output register  
stored at that time are output during the time that “E” is 1. When “E” falls, display data of the  
currently indicated address is written in the output register. After that, the address advances by  
one.  
The contents of the output register are rewritten by the Read instruction. The data is retained by the  
address set or other instructions. Accordingly, when performing the address set, and next executing  
the Read instruction, the data of the specified address is not output and the data of the address  
which is specified is output at the second data read time. Therefore, when setting the address, a  
dummy read is needed once. See Figure 4.  
D / I  
R/W  
E
Address  
N+2  
N
N+1  
Output Register  
N+1 address data  
N address data  
Data Read  
(N address  
data)  
Busy  
Check  
Address  
Set  
(Address  
N)  
Data Read  
(dummy)  
Data Read  
(N+1 address  
data)  
Busy  
Check  
Busy  
Check  
Busy  
Check  
DB0 to DB7  
Figure 4 Read Timing  
(2) Busy flag  
The status when busy flag is “1” means that the module is operating internally. Instructions other than  
he Status Read are not available at this time. The busy flag is output to DB7 by the Status Read  
instruction. Ensure that the busy flag is “0” before executing the instruction.  
E
BUSY  
T BUSY  
1
F
3
F
T BUSY  
F is frequency of 1 or 2 (1 / 2 the source oscillation frequency of HD61203): 215 kHz typ.  
Figure 5 Busy Flag  
(3) Display ON/OFF Flip/Flop  
The display ON/OFF Flip/Flop is a flip-flop function that determines whether the display data  
corresponding to the RAM data is output to the segment on the LCD (ON status ) or goes to all nonlit  
status regardless of the RAM data (OFF status). This is controlled by the display ON/OFF instruction.  
When the RST signal becomes “0,” the display goes to OFF status. This flip-flop status is output to DB5  
by the Status Read instruction.  
Even when performing display ON/OFF, the data inside the RAM is not affected.  
- 10 -  
 
AN.No.G1216B1N000-3D0E  
(4) Display start line register  
The display start line register is a register which determines the line address (see Figure 6) for which  
data is displayed on the top line of the LCD screen when displaying the contents of the display data  
RAM on the LCD screen. It is also used to scroll the display. The 6 bit (0 to 63) display start line  
information is written in this register by the Display Start Line Set Instruction.  
The contents of this register are transmitted to address counter Z at “H” level of the FRM signal  
(common driver output) which indicates the display start on the screen.  
(5) Z-address counter  
The Z-address counter generates the address to output the display data synchronized with the  
common signal. This is a 6-bit counter which counts at the fall of the CL signal (common driver output).  
The contents of the display start line register are preset to the Z-address counter at “H” level of the  
FRM signal (common driver output).  
(6) Display data RAM  
The display data RAM is a RAM that stores the display dot data. 1 bit of RAM data corresponds to  
lighting (data=1) or non-lighting (data = 0) of 1 dot of the display on the LCD screen. Figure 6 shows  
the relationship between the address and data inside the RAM on either the right or left screen (64 64  
dots). In this case, the display start line is 0.  
- 11 -  
 
AN.No.G1216B1N000-3D0E  
COM1  
COM2  
COM3  
COM4  
COM5  
COM6  
COM7  
COM8  
COM9  
Display pattern  
(Display start line: 0)  
Common driver  
output  
X1 to X64  
COM62  
COM63  
COM64  
Segment driver output  
Y1 to Y64  
1 2 3 4 5  
62 63 64  
Line address  
Line 0  
DB0(LSB)  
DB1  
Data inside  
display RAM  
0 1 1 1 0  
1 0 0 0 1  
1 0 0 0 1  
1 0 0 0 1  
1 1 1 1 1  
1 0 0 0 1  
1 0 0 0 1  
0 0 0 0 0  
0
0 0 1  
0 0 1  
Line 1  
0 0 1 Line 2  
1 0 1  
X- address  
(page)  
DB2  
DB3  
X=0  
DB4  
0 1 1  
DB5  
0 0 1  
DB6  
0 0 1  
DB7(MSB)  
0 0 0  
0
0 0  
X=1  
X=2  
0 1 0 0  
0 1 0 0 0  
1 1 1 1 1  
0 0 0 0 0  
0
0 0 0  
0 0 0  
0 0 0  
X=7  
Line 62  
Line 63  
Y0 Y1 Y2 Y3 Y4  
Y61Y62Y63  
Y-address  
Figure 6 Relationship Between Display and Data Inside Display RAM  
(7) X, Y- address counter  
X, Y-address counter is a 9-bit counter which gives the address of the internal display data RAM. It is  
necessary to set the X-address counter of the three upper bits, and the Y-address counter of the six  
lower bits using differing instructions.  
X-address counter  
Address counter X is a simple register that is not provided with a count function. The address is set  
by instruction.  
- 12 -  
 
AN.No.G1216B1N000-3D0E  
Y-address counter  
This counter sets the address by instruction and is automatically advanced by the read/write  
operation. Counting is performed by looping the values 0 to 63.  
2.3 Common driver (HD61203)  
The common driver is a 64 drive output CMOS IC. Incorporating an oscillation circuit, this driver  
generates the common signal and timing signals (LC AC drive control, and one-frame timing signal)  
necessary for the LC display, and controls the display by supplying the timing signals to the segment  
drivers.  
2.4 Bias voltage generator  
Six levels of standard voltage Va to Vf are applied to the drivers as a bias voltage. This voltage is  
generated by resistance division of Vopr and driven by a voltage follower through an operational  
amplifier.  
VDD  
Va  
C
R1  
Vb  
Vc  
Vd  
Ve  
+
C
C
R1  
R2  
+
+
Vopr  
C
C
R1  
R1  
+
Operational  
Amplifier  
Vf  
VLC  
1 / 9 bias: R2= (9 4) R1= 5 R1  
Figure 7 Bias Voltage Generator  
- 13 -  
 
 
AN.No.G1216B1N000-3D0E  
3. OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS  
3.1 Terminal Functions  
Table 1 Terminal Functions  
Signal  
I/O  
I/O  
Functions  
QTY  
Destination  
to  
DB0  
DB7  
8
MPU  
MPU  
Common terminal for tristate input and output, and data bus.  
Enable  
E
1
Input  
Write (R/W=0):Latches data of DB0 to DB7 at the fall of E.  
Read (R/W=1):Outputs data to DB0 to DB7 while “E” keeps a  
high level.  
Read/Write selection  
R/W  
1
Input  
MPU  
R/W=1: When E=1 and CS1=0 or CS2=0, the data is output  
to DB0 to DB7 and read is available by MPU.  
R/W=0: When CS1=0 or CS2=0, DB0 to DB7 are ready for  
receiving the input.  
Data/Instruction selection  
D/I=1: Indicates that the data in DB0 to DB7 is the display  
D/I  
1
2
Input  
Input  
MPU  
MPU  
data.  
D/I=0: Indicates that the data in DB0 to DB7 is the instruction  
code.  
Chip select input. Data input and output is possible under  
the following status:  
CS1, CS2  
LCM display screen  
CS1  
0
CS2  
0
Terminal No.  
CS1  
CS2  
Status  
CS1: Controls the LCM left half display screen (SEG1 to  
SEG64).  
CS2: Controls the LCM right half display screen (SEG65 to  
SEG128).  
Reset signal  
RST  
1
Input  
MPU  
Setting the RST signal to a low level allows for initial setup.  
(1) ON /OFF register: 0 setup (display OFF)  
(2) Display start line register: 0 line setup (display starts  
from 0 line)  
The setup status is retained until the status is changed by an  
instruction after reset is released.  
VDD  
VSS  
1
1
1
1
1
1
Power  
Power  
Power  
Power  
Power  
Power terminal for logic (+5 V)  
GND terminal (0 V)  
VLC  
Power terminal for LC drive  
LED backlight anode terminal  
LED backlight cathode terminal  
Frame ground1  
LEDA  
LEDC  
FGND  
1
FGND terminal is connected to the metallic frame of the module. Use this terminal when  
grounding the frame.  
- 14 -  
 
 
AN.No.G1216B1N000-3D0E  
3.2 Timing Characteristics  
Item  
E cycle time  
Symbol  
tCYC  
PWEH  
PWEL  
tr  
Min.  
1000  
450  
Typ. Max. unit  
Note  
1, 2  
1, 2  
1, 2  
1, 2  
1, 2  
1, 2  
1, 2  
1
ns  
ns  
ns  
E pulse width (H)  
E pulse width (L)  
E rise time  
450  
25  
25  
ns  
ns  
ns  
ns  
ns  
ns  
ns  
ns  
tf  
E fall time  
tAS  
140  
10  
Address setup time  
Address hold time  
Data setup time  
tAH  
tDSW  
tDDR  
tDHW  
tDHR  
200  
320  
2, 3  
1
Data delay time  
10  
20  
Data hold time during write  
Data hold time during read  
2
Note 1: When the MPU writes:  
Note 2: When the MPU reads:  
tCYC  
tCYC  
2.0V  
0.8V  
2.0V  
0.8V  
PWEH  
PWEH  
tf  
E
PWEL  
2.0V  
E
PWEL  
tr  
tf  
tr  
tAH  
tAS  
tAS  
tAS  
tAS  
2.0V  
0.8V  
R / W  
R / W  
tAH  
tAH  
0.8V  
tAH  
2.0V  
0.8V  
CS1, CS2  
D/I  
2.0V  
0.8V  
CS1, CS2  
D/I  
tDSW  
tDHW  
tDDR  
tDHR  
2.4V  
0.4V  
2.0V  
0.8V  
DB0 to DB7  
DB0 to DB7  
Note 3: Load circuits (DB0 to DB7)  
RL = 2.4 k  
R = 11 k  
RL  
D1  
Test point  
D2  
D3  
D4  
C = 130 pF (including jig capacity)  
Diodes D1 to D4 are 1S2074 H .  
C
R
- 15 -  
 
 
AN.No.G1216B1N000-3D0E  
3.3 Reset Function  
Setting the RST terminal to a low level when the power is on allows for initial setup.  
Display OFF  
Display start line register: Set address 0.  
While the RST remains at a low level, instructions other than the status read cannot be accepted.  
Execute other instructions after confirming that DB4=0 (reset release) and DB7=0 (ready) , using the  
status read instruction.  
The power conditions for power-on initial setup are as follows:.  
Item  
Symbol  
tRST  
Min  
1.0  
Typ.  
Max  
200  
unit  
s
Reset time  
Rise time  
ns  
tr  
4.5V  
VDD  
tr  
tRST  
0.7VDD  
0.3VDD  
RST  
If the RESET is executed during operation, retention of the contents of all registers (excluding an  
ON/OFF register) and the RAM is not guaranteed. Always set them again.  
- 16 -  
 
 
AN.No.G1216B1N000-3D0E  
3.4 Instructions  
3.4.1 General  
Instructions are listed on Table 2. Instructions other than the Status Read instruction will not be  
executed if they are sent while another instruction is already being executed. The busy flag is “1”  
when executing the instruction. Check whether or not the flag is “1” before transmitting the  
instructions from the MPU.  
Table 2 List of Instructions  
Code  
Instruction  
Function  
R/W D / I DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DB0  
Turns ON / OFF total display. Data and  
internal status in the display RAM remain  
unchanged.  
Display  
1
2
3
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1/0  
ON / OFF  
1: ON 0 : OFF  
Determines the RAM line to be displayed on the  
top line (COM1) on the display.  
Display start  
line  
Display start lines  
( 0 to 63 )  
X-address  
(page) set  
X-address(page) Sets the X-address of the RAM (page) in the  
1
1
1
(0 to 7)  
X-address (page) register.  
Set Y-address of the RAM in the Y-address  
counter.  
Y-address  
set  
Y-address  
( 0 to 63 )  
Reads the status.  
R
E
S
E
T
B
U
S
Y
RESET 1: Reset 0: Normal  
ON/OFF 1: Display OFF 0: Display ON  
ON  
/
OFF  
Status read  
5
6
7
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
BUSY  
1: during internal operation  
0: READY status  
0
Writes data DB (LSB) to  
Accesses the  
RAM in which  
DB7 (MSB ) on the data  
Display data  
write  
bus into the display RAM. address has been  
specified  
Write Data  
Read Data  
beforehand. After  
that the Y-address  
Reads data DB0 (LSB) to  
DB7 (MSB) from the  
display RAM into the data  
bus.  
advances by one.  
Display data  
read  
BUSY  
T
Note: The BUSY time varies depending upon the frequency F (:215 kHz (typ.) ) of 1, 2 (1/F  
3/F ).  
3.4.2 Detailed explanation  
(1) Display ON/OFF  
R/W D/I DB7  
DB0  
D
Code  
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
Turns the display ON when D=1, and OFF when D=0. When the display is turned OFF by D=0, the  
original display appears if D is set to 1 because the display data is retained in the display data RAM.  
- 17 -  
 
 
AN.No.G1216B1N000-3D0E  
(2) Display start line  
Code  
R/W D/I DB7  
DB0  
A
0
0
1
1
A
A
A
A
A
Lower bits  
Upper bits  
Sets the display data RAM line address expressed with binary AAAAAA in the display start line  
register. When displaying the content of the display data RAM, the display data on the line addresses  
which are set in the register is displayed on the top line on the LCD screen. For address configuration  
inside the display data, refer to Figure 6. Figure 8 shows display examples of start lines 0 to 3.  
COM1  
COM2  
COM3  
COM4  
COM5  
COM6  
COM7  
COM8  
COM9  
COM10  
-
COM1  
COM2  
COM3  
COM4  
COM5  
COM6  
COM7  
COM8  
COM9  
COM10  
-
-
-
-
-
COM59  
COM60  
COM61  
COM62  
COM63  
COM64  
COM59  
COM60  
COM61  
COM62  
COM63  
COM64  
Display start line=0  
Display start line=1  
COM1  
COM2  
COM3  
COM4  
COM5  
COM6  
COM7  
COM8  
COM9  
COM10  
-
COM1  
COM2  
COM3  
COM4  
COM5  
COM6  
COM7  
COM8  
COM9  
COM10  
-
-
-
-
-
COM59  
COM60  
COM61  
COM62  
COM63  
COM64  
COM59  
COM60  
COM61  
COM62  
COM63  
COM64  
Display start line =2  
Display start line=3  
Figure 8 Relationship Between Display Start Lines and Displays  
- 18 -  
 
AN.No.G1216B1N000-3D0E  
(3) X-address (page) set  
R/W D/I DB7  
DB0  
A
Code  
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
A
A
Upper bits  
Lower bits  
The display data RAM “X” address (page) which is expressed with binary AAA is set in the X-address  
register. Following write/read operations from the MPU are performed on the specified X-address  
(page) until the next X-address (page) set is performed. The configuration of display data RAM and  
X-address is shown in Figure 9.  
R/W D/I DB7  
DB0  
A
Code  
0
0
0
1
A
A
A
A
A
Upper bits  
Lower bits  
(4) Y-address set  
The display data RAM Y- address which is expressed with binary AAAAAA is set in the Y-address  
counter. After that the Y-address counter advances by one each time write/read is performed from  
the MPU. The configuration of the display data RAM and Y-address is shown in Figure 9.  
Y-address  
0
1
2
3
4
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
61 62 63  
DB0  
to  
Page 0  
Page 1  
X=0  
X=1  
DB7  
DB0  
to  
DB7  
DB0  
to  
Page 6  
Page 7  
X=6  
X=7  
DB7  
DB0  
to  
DB7  
Figure 9 Display Data RAM Address Configuration  
- 19 -  
 
AN.No.G1216B1N000-3D0E  
(5) Status read  
R/W D/I DB7  
DB0  
0
Code  
1
0
BUSY  
0
ON/OFF RESET  
0
0
0
BUSY:  
When BUSY=1, it means that the the module is operating internally and the next instruction is  
not accepted until BUSY=0. After confirming that BUSY=0, it is necessary to perform the  
next write.  
ON/OFF: Indicates that the display is OFF when ON/OFF=1.  
Indicates that the display is ON when ON/OFF=0.  
RESET: Indicates that initial setup is performed by the RST signal.  
Indicates that the initialization is being performed when RESET=1 and instructions other than  
the Status Read instruction are not accepted.  
When RESET=0, initialization is completed and operation status is normal.  
(6) Display data write  
R/W D/I DB7  
DB0  
D
Code  
0
1
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
Upper bits  
Lower bits  
Writes 8-bit binary data DDDDDDDD in the display data RAM. After the write is completed, the Y-  
address is automatically advanced by one  
(7) Display data read  
R/W D/I DB7  
DB0  
D
code  
1
1
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
Upper bits  
Lower bits  
Read 8-bit binary data DDDDDDDD from the display data RAM. After read is performed, the Y-  
address is automatically advanced by one. A dummy read is necessary once, immediately after the  
address set is completed. For details, refer to segment driver output register section.  
- 20 -  
 
AN.No.G1216B1N000-3D0E  
3.5 Contrast Adjustment and Power Supply Example  
The LC panel viewing angle and display screen contrast are greatly affected by the ambient  
temperature. The recommended LC drive voltage (Vopr) at each temperature is given below. Vopr  
is a value at which the best display is visually obtained. This value does not always correspond to the  
value at which the best contrast (Cmax.) is obtained. A contrast adjustment circuit example is shown  
below:  
Vopr= VDD - VLC  
Temperature ( C)  
20  
0
25  
50  
70  
°
-
Voltage (Vopr)  
13.5  
13.0  
12.5  
11.5  
10.5  
VDD  
VSS  
RA=10 kW  
C1  
5V  
RB=1.2 kW  
RV (variable resistor)  
=10 kW  
RA  
RV  
RB  
C2  
12 V  
VLC  
C1, C2=10 mF  
G1216  
Figure 10 Contrast Adjustment  
3.6 LED Backlight Driver Examples  
(1) Example 1  
A basic LED backlight driver example is shown in Figure 11.  
LEDA  
R=30W, (³ 1/4W)  
VIN = +5V  
LEDC  
Figure 11 LED Backlight Driver Example 1  
G1216  
Where resistance “R” is the limit resistance of the LED forward current. The forward current depends  
upon the temperature. Especially, it must be decreased at high temperature. For temperature  
dependence, refer to forward current reduction characteristics described in 1.8 (1). The operating  
temperature for the G1216 ranges from - 20°C to +70°C. It is necessary to determine limit resistance  
“R” so that the forward current becomes 50 mA or lower at +70°C.  
Forward voltage VF at each temperature of the LED backlight is shown in Table 3.  
Table 3 Forward Voltage At Temperatures  
Temperature (Ta)  
- 20°C  
Conditions  
IF=90 mA  
IF=90 mA  
IF=50 mA  
VF min.  
3.9 V  
3.8 V  
3.5 V  
VF typ.  
4.3 V  
4.1 V  
3.7 V  
VF max.  
4.6 V  
+25°C  
4.4 V  
+70°C  
3.9 V  
- 21 -  
 
 
AN.No.G1216B1N000-3D0E  
Limit resistance “R” is calculated using the following equation. The resistance becomes the value  
shown in Figure 11.  
VIN =Input voltage (power voltage)(V)  
VF =LED forward voltage (V)  
IF =Allowable LED forward current (A)  
VIN VF  
-
R=  
( )  
W
IF  
For this resistance value, the forward current becomes lower than 50 mA at 25°C. The surface  
brightness of the LED backlight varies with the forward current. See Figure 12. Compared with 1.8 (4)  
brightness (IF=90 mA), the brightness is about 40%.  
1.2  
1.0  
0.8  
Relative  
brightness  
0.6  
0.5  
0.4  
0.2  
Forward current:  
IF(mA)  
30  
40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110  
Figure 12 Forward Current-Brightness Characteristics (Ta=25°C)  
(2) Example 2  
When you want to keep the brightness (2 nit) at 25°C, use a thermosensitive element, like a thermistor,  
and a transistor as shown in Figure 13. Set the thermosensitive element to about IF=90 mA at 25°C  
and configure it so that “IF” will be reduced as the temperature rises.  
LEDA  
R2  
LEDC  
Tr  
VIN  
G1216  
R3  
Thermistor  
R1  
R4  
Figure 13  
LED Backlight Driver Example 2  
- 22 -  
 
AN.No.G1216B1N000-3D0E  
3.7 MPU Connection Diagram  
Z80A  
Z80 PIO  
D0 to D7  
G1216  
D0 to D7  
A0 to A7  
DB0 to DB7  
Decoder  
A0 to A15  
CE  
B0  
B1  
B2  
B3  
B4  
B5  
E
A0  
A1  
C / D  
A / B  
R/W  
D/I  
RD  
IORQ  
M1  
RD  
IORQ  
M1  
RST  
CS1  
INT  
INT  
CS2  
VDD  
VSS  
VLC  
Figure 14 Example of Connection to Z80A  
- 23 -  
 
 
AN.No.G1216B1N000-3D0E  
4. PRECAUTIONS  
Safety  
If the LCD panel is damaged, be careful not to get the liquid crystal in your mouth. If the liquid  
crystal touches your skin or clothes, promptly wash it off using soap and plenty of water.  
Handling  
Avoid static electricity, as it will damage the CMOS LSI.  
The LCD panel is made of plate glass. Do not hit or crush it.  
Do not remove the panel or frame from the module.  
The polarizer of the display is very fragile. Handle it very carefully.  
Mounting and design  
Mount the module by using the specified mounting parts and holes.  
To protect the module against external pressure, place a transparent plate (e.g., acrylic or glass)  
on the module, leaving a small gap between the display surface and transparent plate.  
Small gap  
Exterior face  
Example  
Transparent plate  
Module  
Screw  
Design the system so that no input signal is given unless the power-supply voltage is applied.  
Keep the module dry. Avoid condensation to prevent the transparent electrodes from being  
damaged.  
Storage  
Store the module in a dark place, where the temperature is 25 C 10 C and the relative humidity  
below 65%.  
Do not store the module near organic solvents or corrosive gases.  
Keep the module (including accessories) safe from vibration, shock and external pressure.  
Cleaning  
Do not wipe the polarizer with a dry cloth, as it may scratch the surface.  
Wipe the module gently with a soft cloth soaked with a petroleum benzine.  
Do not use ketonic (ketone) solvents (ketone and acetone) or aromatic solvents (toluene and  
xylene), as they may damage the polarizer.  
- 24 -  
 
 
AN.No.G1216B1N000-3D0E  
INDEX  
- A -  
- B -  
Active display area ............................................................................. 2  
Bias voltage generator ................................................................. 7, 13  
Block diagram................................................................................. 7, 8  
Busy flag....................................................................................... 8, 10  
- C -  
Chip select................................................................................ 6, 9, 14  
Cleaning ........................................................................................... 24  
Common driver............................................................................. 7, 13  
Contrast........................................................................................ 3, 21  
Contrast adjustment ......................................................................... 21  
Current consumption.......................................................................... 2  
- D -  
Definition of contrast........................................................................... 4  
Definition of response time................................................................ 4  
Definition of viewing angles................................................................ 3  
Display data RAM................................... 1, 8, 9, 11, 12, 17, 18, 19, 20  
Display data read ....................................................................... 17, 20  
Display data write....................................................................... 17, 20  
Display ON/OFF........................................................................... 8, 17  
Display ON/OFF flip-flop ................................................................. 10  
Display start line ........................................................ 8, 11, 12, 17, 18  
Display start line register.............................................................. 8, 11  
Dot dimensions................................................................................... 2  
Dot pitch ............................................................................................. 2  
- E -  
- F -  
Enable .......................................................................................... 6, 14  
Frame frequency ................................................................................ 2  
- I -  
Input and output buffer .................................................................. 8, 9  
Input register ................................................................................. 8, 9  
Input voltage................................................................................. 2, 22  
 
 
AN.No.G1216B1N000-3D0E  
- L -  
LC drive voltage ........................................................................... 6, 21  
LC panel life time................................................................................ 4  
LED backlight characteristics............................................................. 4  
- O -  
Operating temperature ....................................................................... 2  
Output register............................................................................... 8, 9  
Output voltage.................................................................................... 2  
-P -  
- R -  
Power supply example ..................................................................... 21  
Power supply voltage ............................................................... 2, 6, 24  
Recommended LC drive voltage...................................................... 21  
Reset .................................................................................. 6, 9, 14, 16  
Response time ................................................................................... 3  
- S -  
Segment driver............................................................................... 7, 8  
Status read ................................................................ 9, 10, 16, 17, 20  
Storage............................................................................................. 24  
Storage humidity................................................................................. 2  
Storage temperature ......................................................................... 2  
- T-  
Terminal functions ........................................................................... 14  
- V -  
Viewing angle..................................................................................... 3  
Viewing area....................................................................................... 2  
- W -  
- X -  
Weight ................................................................................................ 2  
X-address counter............................................................................ 12  
X, Y-address counter.................................................................... 8, 12  
- Y -  
- Z -  
Y-address counter...................................................................... 12, 13  
Z-address counter ........................................................................ 8, 11  
Z80A................................................................................................. 23  
 
Seiko Instruments Inc.  
Head Office  
Components Overseas Marketing & Sales Department  
1-8, Nakase, Mihama-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba 261, Japan  
Phone: 043-211-1213 FAX: 043-211-8035  
Seiko Instruments U.S.A. Inc.  
Electronic Components Division  
2990 W. Lomita Blvd., Torrance Calif. 90505, USA Phone: 310-517-7770 FAX: 310- 517-7792  
Seiko Instruments GmbH  
Siemensstrasse 9b, 63263 Neu-Isenburg, Germany Phone: 49-6102-297-0 FAX: 49-6102-297-222  
Seiko Instruments ( H. K. ) Ltd. Sales Division  
4-5/F, Wyler Centre 2, 200 Tai Lin Pai Road, Kwai Chung, N.T., Kowloon, Hong Kong  
Phone: 852-4218611 FAX: 852-4805479  
Seiko Instruments Taiwan Inc.  
5F-1 No. 99, SEC.2, Chung Shan N. Rd., Taipei 104, Taiwan, R.O.C.  
Phone: 886-2-563-5001 FAX: 886-2-521-9519  
 

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